Hydrograph Description:
A graph which helps to define the time past a specific point v/s rate of flow in a river is known as hydrography. The terms cubic feet per second or cubic meters (CFs or cms) are used to express the rate of flow. The volume of water for a particular outfall are also given in this graph. Commonly, we can use these kinds of graphs in designing of external water and joint sewers.Types of hydrograph:
- Annual hydrographs aka regimes
- Direct Runoff Hydrograph
- Effective Runoff Hydrograph
- Flood hydrographs
- Raster Hydrograph
- Storage opportunities in the drainage network
- Storm hydrographs
Factors that influence the shape and volume of hydrograph:
- Areal distribution or rainfall over the basin and
- Channel morphology and drainage type
- effects of land use and land cover
- Rainfall intensity and pattern
- Size and duration of the storm event
- Slope of the land surface and main channel
- Size and shape of the drainage area
- Soil types and distribution
- Storage detention in the watershed
Uses of Hydrographs
- Flood plain management studies.
- Emergency action plans.
- Channel design.
- Design of farm ponds.
- Grade stabilization structures.
- Watershed evaluations.
- Design of structural works.
Advantages:
- You can get the total time distribution of runoff and its volume by using a unit hydrograph.
- you can use Fluid Hydrograph very easily, whether you have a very less record of data
- The best facility of this system is this that you can prepare this information in computer very easily.
- By using statistical methods you can check out the reliability of flows.
Disadvantages:
- On any size of drainage basin we can apply it.
- The upper limit for unit hydrograph is 5000km2.
Resources
If you are looking for rainfall hydrograph or other hydraulic machine lab equipment for your engineering lab, please visit our website AticoExport for a complete list of laboratory equipment and instruments for educational labs.
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